What is the difference between chimpanzee and bonobo

Lastly, we compared play types solitary play with and without objects and social play with and without objects for both chimpanzees and bonobos by using Mann-Whitney U tests.

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Download references. We are grateful to the Kalinzu field assistants. We are grateful to the Wamba field assistants. We thank R. Scheffrahn for termite identifications and C. We thank E. Willems for making maps of the study sites. We thank C. You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.

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Advanced search. However, we now know that we share approximately Both species are more closely related to humans than gorillas or orangutans, and we can gain many insights into human evolution by studying the abilities and behaviors of these animals. So, what are the key differences between chimps and bonobos? These species not only differ in appearance, but also in their social structure, behavior, and emotions. Bonobos are graceful apes.

Their long legs, narrow shoulders, and small head add up to a slender build. This contrasts with the strong and sturdy chimpanzee. While chimps age into a darker face, bonobos are born with a darker face and pink lips. One of the biggest differences between our evolutionary relatives is that in bonobo society females are in charge. This is possible because female alliances work to prevent any male aggression, making up for size with numbers. All rights reserved. View in: QuickTime RealPlayer.

Chimps And Bonobos: Though very close in genetic relationship and virtually next-door neighbors, chimpanzees and a less-well-known species called bonobos in Zaire are socially poles apart. Only identified as a species separate from chimps in , bonobos intrigue biologists with their easygoing ways, sexual equality, female bonding, and zeal for recreational sex. How did bonobos, which live in humid forests south of the Zaire River, evolve such a different social structure from chimpanzees since the two species split about 2 million years ago?

Male dominance plays a big role in chimp society. Disputes are often resolved by threatening displays or by fighting. Female chimps lead a life much more solitary than that their bonobo cousins, and are sometimes harassed by the much larger males.

Sex is strictly about reproduction, and reproductive tactics can include infanticide -- the killing of offspring unrelated to a male chimp. Infanticidal individuals remove potential competitors to their own offspring, and the mother, without an infant to care for, will become available for mating again much sooner.

In contrast, bonobo society is marked by the strong bonds that develop between unrelated females and by almost constant sexual activity amongst all members of a group. Bonobos apparently use sex to reinforce bonds within the group and to resolve conflict.

What evolutionary advantages do these behaviors offer? Seeking the answer to that question, researchers noted that infanticide is almost unknown among bonobos.